1、How often should the reverse osmosis system be cleaned?In general, when the standardized flux decreases by 10-15%, or the system desalination rate decreases by 10-15%, or the operating pressure and differential pressure between segments increases by 10-15%, the RO system should be cleaned.Cleaning Read More

Wastewater, usually the discharged water from domestic and production sources, is subject to some pollution. The main types of sewage are domestic sewage, industrial wastewater and initial rainwater. The main pollutants of sewage are pathogenic pollutants, oxygen-consuming pollutants, plant nutrient Read More

Hollow fibre membranes are membranes that are fibre-like in shape and self-supporting. Hollow fibre membranes are made from polysulfone and dimethylacetamide, which are processed into fibrous filaments with a hollow inner cavity, and then divided by a highly permeable polymer, which has selective pe Read More

The smallest unit of a membrane separation plant is called a membrane module, or in the case of rolled membranes, usually a membrane element.The design of the membrane module has to achieve two objectives.(i) To limit the occurrence of concentration polarisation (desalination membranes) and particle Read More

In recent years, the MBR process has been widely used, with water reuse going on, upgrading and renovation going on, and decentralised treatment also going on... As we all know, this is mainly due to its high load, long sludge age, high efficiency interception, occupying less land and other outstand Read More

In addition to nanomaterial-doped NF membranes, the preparation of high-performance polyamide NF membranes with an interlayer structure has received increasing attention in recent years. The interlayer structure of this membrane can be uniformly covered/deposited onto the substrate to form a multila Read More

Common nanocomposite NF membranes can be classified as surface coated NF membranes (SLN), polyamide layer nano-doped membranes (TFN) and nanomaterial hybrid matrix membranes (TFCn). The structure and main properties of these three types of membranes are shown in Table 2. SLN membranes can be obtaine Read More

Research on inorganic ceramic membranes began in the 1940s, and breakthroughs were made in the late 1980s. Research on inorganic ceramic membranes and separation technology in China started late, but is developing at a faster pace. Due to the advantages of high efficiency, high temperature resistanc Read More

MVR is a steam mechanical recompression technology, MVR evaporator is the use of secondary steam energy, to complete the evaporation of sewage crystallization separation. MBR is a membrane bioreactor process, using membrane treatment technology to separate the sewage, the two are completely differen Read More

Urban wastewater treatment and urban water supply are the main application sites for membrane water treatment technology. The majority of membrane urban water supply plants use microfiltration membranes, with some plants with high effluent targets using both microfiltration and reverse osmosis membr Read More

Microfiltration membranes are capable of retaining particles between 0.1 and 1 micron. They allow the passage of large molecules and dissolved solids (inorganic salts), but retain suspended matter, bacteria and large molecular weight colloids. Microfiltration is the world's first membrane technology Read More

Microfiltration membranes are divided into inorganic membranes and organic polymer membranes according to the membrane forming materials, inorganic membranes are divided into ceramic membranes and metal membranes, organic polymer membranes are divided into natural polymer membranes and synthetic pol Read More

Dissolved oxygen and free carbon dioxide in water are the main factors causing corrosion in feedwater systems. Boiler feedwater deaeration and carbon dioxide is the key to ensure the safe and economic operation of boilers. This paper introduces the principle and application of degassing membranes th Read More

The principle of ceramic membranesThe ceramic membrane separation process is a "staggered flow filtration" form of fluid separation process: the raw material liquid flows at high speed in the membrane tube, the clarified permeate containing small molecules is driven by pressure to pass outwards thro Read More

Porous membranesPorous ceramic membranes are available in three main configurations: flat, tubular and multi-channel, of which flat membranes are mainly used in small-scale industrial production and laboratory research. Tubular membranes are combined to form a form similar to a tube heat exchanger, Read More